Voiced alveolar implosive

Voiced alveolar implosive
ɗ
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The voiced alveolar implosive is a sound used in some spoken languages. It is not in English.

Characteristics

  • The phonation is voiced. This means that the vocal cords vibrate while the sound is being pronounced.
  • The place of articulation (where the sound is produced) is alveolar. This means that this sound is produced with the tip of the tongue (apical) or the blade of the tongue at the alveolar ridge (laminal).
  • The airstream mechanism is implosive (also called glottalic ingressive). This means that this sound is produced by pushing the glottis downward. This pulls air inward. The glottis is not completely closed, but a pulmonic airstream is allowed to escape through it, which makes the sound.

Examples

LanguageWordIPAMeaningNotes
Cia-Cia아티 / Adhi[aɗi]'Adi'Adi is a name.
Ega[1][ɗá]'hide'
Fulaɗiɗi/𞤯𞤭𞤯𞤭 / ﻃِﻂِ[ɗiɗi]'two'
Goemaiḍal[ɗal]'to swallow'
Hausaɗaiɗai / طَﯿْﻄَﯽْ[ɗei̯ɗei̯]'one at a time'
Jamaican Patois[2]dem[ɗem]'them'Allophone of /d/ in the onset of prominent syllables.
Kalabari[3]ḍa[ɗà]'father'
Karajáti[ɗi]'bone'
Khmerដប់/dáb[ɗɑp]'ten'
Konso[4]bad[ɓaɗ]'to hide'
Kwaza[5]deda[ɗe'ɗa]'snake'Analyzed as /d/.
Mono[6]ku‘da[kūɗā]'debt'
Ongota[ɡaːɗa]'dull'
Parkari Koliواۮۯون[vaːɗaɭuːn]' clouds
Paumarí[7]'bo'da[ɓoɗa]'old'
Serer[8]biɗ / ﺑِﻂْ[biɗ]'flower'Contrasts /ɓ̥, ɗ̥, ʄ̊, ɓ, ɗ, ʄ/.
Sindhiڏر[ɗarʊ]'crevice'
Shonakudada[kuɗaɗa]'prideful and pompous'
Tera[9]ɗana[ɗàna]'to talk'
Tukang Besi[piɗi]'rubbish'
Vietnamese[10]đuôi[ɗuəj]'tail'See Vietnamese phonology.
Wadiyara KoliContrasts /ɓ ɗ ᶑ ʄ ɠ/.
Wambuleडि॒[ɗi]'name'
Standard Zhuangnda[ɗa]'set'

References

  1. ↑ Connell, Ahoua & Gibbon (2002:100)
  2. ↑ Devonish & Harry (2004:456)
  3. ↑ Harry (2003:113)
  4. ↑ Orkaydo, Ongaye Oda (2013). A Grammar of Konso. p. 11.
  5. ↑ Voort, Hein van der (2008-08-22), A Grammar of Kwaza, De Gruyter Mouton, doi:10.1515/9783110197280, ISBN 978-3-11-019728-0, retrieved 2024-03-13
  6. ↑ Olson (2004:233)
  7. ↑ Everett (2003:23)
  8. ↑ Mc Laughlin (2005:100)
  9. ↑ Tench (2007:228)
  10. ↑ Thompson (1959:458–461)
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