Voiced alveolar affricate
| Voiced alveolar affricate | |
|---|---|
| dz | |
| Audio sample | |
|
source · help | |
| Encoding | |
| X-SAMPA | dz |
The voiced alveolar affricate is a sound used in some spoken languages. It is potentially in English but is very similar to the pronunciation of dds as in adds.
Features
Features of a voiced alveolar affricate:
- The phonation is voiced. This means that the vocal cords vibrate while the sound is being pronounced.
- The place of articulation (where the sound is produced) is alveolar. This means that this sound is produced with the tip of the tongue (apical) or the blade of the tongue at the alveolar ridge (laminal).
- The manner of articulation (how the sound is produced) is affricate. This means that this sound is produced by first stopping the air flowing from the mouth, then allowing air flow through a constricted channel at the place this sound is produced, to make turbulence.
- It is an oral consonant. This means that air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
Occurrence
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arabic | Najdi[1] | قـليب/dzilīb | [d͡zəliːb] | 'well' | Corresponds to /q/, /ɡ/, or /dʒ/ in other dialects. |
| English | Broad Cockney[2] | day | [ˈd͡zæˑɪ̯] | 'day' | Possible word-initial, intervocalic and word-final allophone of /d/.[3][4] See English phonology |
| Received Pronunciation[4] | [ˈd͡zeˑɪ̯] | ||||
| New York[5] | Possible syllable-initial and sometimes also utterance-final allophone of /d/.[5] See English phonology | ||||
| Scouse[6] | Possible syllable-initial and word-final allophone of /d/.[6] See English phonology | ||||
| French | Quebec | du | [d͡zy] | 'of the' | Allophone of /d/ before /i, y, j/. |
| Georgian[7] | ძვალი/dzvali | [d͡zvɑli] | 'bone' | ||
| Hebrew | Some speakers | מצוה/mitzvah | [mid͡zˈvä] | 'commandment' | Allophone of /t͡s/ before voiced consonant. See Modern Hebrew phonology |
| Luxembourgish[8] | spadséieren | [ʃpɑˈd͡zɜ̝ɪ̯əʀən] | 'to go for a walk' | Marginal phoneme that occurs only in a few words.[8] See Luxembourgish phonology | |
| Marathi | जोर/dzor | [d͡zor] | 'force' | Contrasts aspirated and unaspirated versions. The unaspirated is represented by ज, which also represents [d͡ʒ]. The aspirated sound is represented by झ, which also represents [d͡ʒʱ]. There is no marked difference for either one. | |
| Ollari | jōnel | [d͡zoːnel] | 'maize' | ||
| Nepali | आज/ādza | [äd͡zʌ] | 'today' | Contrasts aspirated and unaspirated versions. The unaspirated is represented by /ज/. The aspirated sound is represented by /झ/. See Nepali phonology | |
| Naiki | jūrol | [d͡zuːɾol] | 'cricket' | ||
| Portuguese | European[9] | desafio | [d͡zɐˈfi.u] | 'challenge' | Allophone of /d/ before /i, ĩ/, or assimilation due to the deletion of /i ~ ɨ ~ e/. Increasingly used in Brazil.[10] |
| Brazilian[9][10] | aprendizado | [apɾẽ̞ˈd͡zadu] | 'learning' | ||
| Many speakers | mezzosoprano | [me̞d͡zo̞so̞ˈpɾɐ̃nu] | 'mezzo-soprano' | Marginal sound. Some might instead use spelling pronunciations.[11] See Portuguese phonology | |
| Romanian | Moldavian dialects[12] | zic | [d͡zɨk] | 'say' | Corresponds to [z] in standard Romanian. See Romanian phonology |
| Telugu | ౙత/dzata | [d͡zɐt̪ɐ] | 'pair, set' | ||
| Teochew | Swatow | 日本/jitpun | [d͡zit̚˨˩.pʊn˥˧] | 'Japan' | |
| Toda | üɀ | [yd͡z] | 'five' | ||
Dental
| Voiced dental sibilant affricate | |
|---|---|
| d̪z̪ | |
| Audio sample | |
|
source · help | |
| Encoding | |
| X-SAMPA | d_dz_d |
The voiced dental affricate is a sound used in some spoken languages.
References
- ↑ Lewis jr. (2013), p. 5.
- ↑ Wells (1982), pp. 322–323.
- ↑ Wells (1982), p. 323.
- 1 2 Cruttenden (2014), p. 172.
- 1 2 Wells (1982), p. 515.
- 1 2 Wells (1982), p. 372.
- ↑ Shosted & Chikovani (2006:255)
- 1 2 Gilles & Trouvain (2013), p. 72.
- 1 2 (in Portuguese) Palatalization of dental occlusives /t/ and /d/ in the bilingual communities of Taquara and Panambi, RS – Alice Telles de Paula Page 14
- 1 2 "Seqüências de (oclusiva alveolar + sibilante alveolar) como um padrão inovador no português de Belo Horizonte – Camila Tavares Leite" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-06. Retrieved 2014-12-13.
- ↑ "Adaptações fonológicas na pronúncia de estrangeirismos do Inglês por falantes de Português Brasileiro – Ana Beatriz Gonçalves de Assis" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-12-13. Retrieved 2014-12-13.
- ↑ Pop (1938), p. 29.
External links
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