War against the Islamic State

War against the Islamic State
Part of the war on terror
Date8 April 2013 – present
(12 years, 2 weeks and 2 days)
Location
Show locations
Status
Ongoing; IS militarily defeated in Iraq, Syria and Libya
    • Airstrikes on IS positions in Iraq, Syria, Libya, Nigeria and Afghanistan
    • Multinational humanitarian efforts
    • Arming and supporting local ground forces
    • Millions of civilians in Iraq and Syria flee their homes, sparking a refugee crisis
    • Terrorist attacks in Paris (Jan 2015 and Nov 2015), Brussels (Mar 2016) and many other places
    • Thousands of civilians executed by IS forces in Iraq and Syria
    • IS controlled around 40% of Iraq at its peak in mid-2014[1]
    • IS controlled around 50% of Syria by late May 2015[2][3]
    • Emergence of independently-governed Kurdish regions
    • IS military defeated and lost all of its territory in Libya in December 2017[4][5]
    • Boko Haram loses territory, but its insurgency continues[6]
    • IS controlled 5.67% of Syria's land by November 2017[7] and around 3% of Iraq by October 2017[8]
    • IS loses all territory in Iraq and most territory in Syria in December 2017[9]
    • IS loses all remaining territory in Syria in March 2019[10]
Belligerents
In multiple regions:
In Iraq and Syria
In Egypt
In Libya and Afghanistan
In Pakistan
In West Africa
    •  Multinational Joint Task Force
    • Wilayat Libya
      (in Libya)
    • Wilayat Sinai
      (in the Sinai peninsula)
    • Wilayat West Africa
      (in West Africa)
    • Wilayat Sahil
      (in the Sahel)
    • Wilayat Central Africa
      (in Central Africa)
    • Wilayat Mozambique
      (in Mozambique)
    • Wilayat Khorasan
      (in Afghanistan and Iran)
    • Wilayat Qavqaz
      (in the North Caucasus)
    • Abu Sayyaf
      (in Southeast Asia)
    • Wilayat Somalia
      (in Somalia)
    • Wilayat Pakistan (in Pakistan)
Commanders and leaders

Donald Trump (2017–2021 and from 2025)
Pete Hegseth (from 2025)
United Kingdom Keir Starmer (from 2024)
United Kingdom John Healey (from 2024)
France Emmanuel Macron (from 2017)
France Sébastien Lecornu (from 2022)
Anthony Albanese (from 2022)
Bart De Wever (from 2025)
Theo Francken (from 2025)
Bahrain Hamad Al Khalifa
Mette Frederiksen (from 2019)
Troels Lund Poulsen (from 2023)
Mark Carney (from 2025)
David McGuinty (from 2025)
Friedrich Merz (from 2025)
Boris Pistorius (from 2023)
Giorgia Meloni (from 2022)
Guido Crosetto (from 2022)

Allies

Syria Ahmed al-Sharaa (from 2024)

Allies

Iraq Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani (from 2022)
Nechirvan Barzani (from 2019)

Libya Khalifa Haftar (from 2014)
Libya Saddam Haftar (from 2016)

Iran Ali Khamenei

Allies

Lebanon Joseph Aoun (from 2025)

Pakistan Shehbaz Sharif (2022–2023 and from 2024)

Afghanistan Hibatullah Akhundzada (from 2016)

Egypt Abdel Fattah el-Sisi

Nigeria Bola Tinubu (from 2023)
Chad Mahamat Déby (from 2021)
Cameroon Paul Biya
Niger Abdourahamane Tchiani (from 2023)

Allies

Abu Hafs al-Hashimi al-Qurashi (Leader)

Former Leaders
Strength
United States:
  • 4,100 troops (in Iraq)[29]
  • 2,500 troops (in Kuwait)[30]
  • 7,000 contractors[31][32]
  • 500 soldiers to retrain the Iraqi army[33]
Australia:
  • 400 RAAF personnel[34]
  • 200 special forces troops
  • 300+ regular soldiers (combined with 100+ New Zealand soldiers)[35]
Canada:
Germany:
Italy:
  • 130 search and rescue team
  • 1,200 troops[38][39]
Russia:
  • 4,000 personnel[40]
Iran:
Nigeria:
  • Army: 130,000 active frontline troops. 32,000 active reserve troops.
  • Police Force: 371,000 officers
Cameroon:
  • 20,000 soldiers
African Union:
  • 8,700 soldiers
Syrian Salvation Government:
  • 50,000+ soldiers[43][44]
  • Islamic Front (2013-2015); 26,000-30,000 soldiers[45][46]
Taliban
  • 168,000 soldiers[47]
  • 210,121 police forces and pro-Taliban militia[47]
Pakistan
IS:
  • 200,000 in Iraq and Syria (claim by Iraqi Kurdistan Chief of Staff)[52]
  • 28,600–31,600 in Iraq and Syria (Defense Department estimate)[53]
  • 35,000–100,000 (State Department estimate)[54]
  • 1,500+ in Egypt
  • 6,500–10,000 in Libya[55][56]
  • 7,000–10,000 in Nigeria[57]
  • 1,000–3,000 in Afghanistan[58][59]
  • At least 400 in the Philippines and Malaysia
  • Up to 600 tanks[60][61]
Casualties and losses
Iraq Iraq:
    • 16,000+ killed and 13,000+ wounded[62][63]
Democratic Federation of Northern Syria Rojava:
    • 11,000+ fighters killed[64]
Ba'athist Syria Ba'athist Syria:
    • 8,000+ soldiers killed[65]
Syrian opposition Syrian Opposition:
Iraqi Kurdistan Kurdistan Region:
    • 1,500+ fighters killed[68]
    • 6,000+ fighters wounded[69]
    • 52 fighters missing[70]
Egypt Egypt:
    • 3,277+ security forces killed[71]
    • 12,280+ personnel injured[71]
Chad Chad:
Turkey Turkey:
Nigeria Nigeria:
Iran Iran:
Russia Russia:
Niger Niger:
    • 9 servicemen killed[92]
United States United States:
Cameroon Cameroon:
    • 6 servicemen killed[72]
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia:
    • 3 border guards killed[98]
Canada Canada:
    • 1 serviceman killed[99]
France France:
    • 2 servicemen killed
United Kingdom United Kingdom:
    • 3 servicemen killed
Jordan Jordan:
Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant Islamic State:
    • 80,000+ killed in Iraq and Syria since 2014 [101][102]
      • 50,000+ killed in Syria per SOHR
    • 1,500–2,500 killed in Libya[103][104]
    • 974 killed in Philippines
    • 300 killed in Afghanistan[105]
    • 1,000+ killed in Egypt[106][107][108]
83,000+ militants killed overall

13,568+ Iraqi civilians killed by Islamic State[68][109][110]
5,939+ Syrian civilians killed by Islamic State[111]

8,317–13,190 civilians killed by Coalition airstrikes in Iraq and Syria (per Airwars)
1,417 civilians killed by Coalition airstrikes in Iraq and Syria (per Coalition)[112]

4,096–6,085 civilians killed by Russian airstrikes in Syria[113]

3,300,000 Iraqi civilians displaced[114]

Support:

Military aid:
Humanitarian aid:
Intelligence aid:

RSII coalition:
Russia Russia (airstrikes)[132]
 Syria
 Iran[133]
 Iraq

  • Iraqi Shia militias (see below)

 Hezbollah[134][135]

Local forces:

Local forces in Iraq:
  • Iraq Iraq Government (supported by U.S. and RSII coalitions)
  • Shi'a militias: (supported by Iran)[136]
  • Iraqi Kurdistan Iraqi Kurdistan
  • Iraqi Turkmen Front (supported by Turkey)
  • Nineveh Plain Protection Units
Local forces in Syria:
  •  Syria (supported by Russia and Iran)
  • Syrian Opposition (U.S. & allies)
  • Democratic Federation of Northern Syria Syrian Kurdistan (U.S. & allies, Russia & foreign Kurds) Syrian Turkmen Brigades (supported by Turkey)
Local forces in Lebanon:

Egyptian-led intervention: (in Libya)
 Egypt
 Libya

Nigerian-led intervention:
(Boko Haram joined IS in 2015)  Nigeria
 Cameroon
 Chad
 Niger
 Burundi
 United States
See also: American military intervention

Islamic Military Alliance:
The anti-ISIS coalition forces' air strikes on multiple Islamic State bases in Ain al-Arab (Kobani) in November 2014

The war against the Islamic State (ISIS) is an ongoing war, it aims to prevent and destroy the Sunni Islamic terrorist and extremist organisation of the Islamic State. The war is fought between the Western countries (led by the United States), Arab nations and also Turkey against the Islamic State.

Background

The United States launched an international military coalition against ISIS at NATO summit in Newport, Wales on 5 September 2014. The founding members besides the US are Germany, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Poland, Denmark, Australia, Canada and Turkey.[137] The Netherlands will join later from October 2014 to July 2016, next is Belgium from June 2016, every country provides some F-16 fighter jets.[138]

Days later, US President Barack Obama appointed former general and former commander of the International Security Assistance Force John R. Allen as special envoy for the coalition against ISIS,[137] the successor will be Brett McGurk from October 2015 to late 2018.[139][140]

Attacks

September 2014

On 22 September 2014, the first ever airstrike against ISIS by international coalition forces was conducted, led by the US. Besides the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Navy (with cruise missiles), fighter jets from Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Jordan and the United Arab Emirates also participated. The attacks targeted 50 locations in Raqqa Governorate in northern Syria. An ISIS base was destroyed and a checkpoint was attacked in Deir-er-Zor Governorate.[141]

On 24 September 2014, American bomber aircrafts attacked a house of the Khorasan group of Syria, leading to 15 deaths and the building was completely destroyed. This group was a part of Al-Nusra Front and was considered a terrorist organisation in the United States.

2024

According to the United States Department of Defense, there are currently 700 U.S. soldiers stationing in Syria as of 2024.[142]

Operations

Partners

Nations

International organisations

References

  1. ↑ "ISIL now controls 'less than 6 percent of Iraq'". Al Jazeera. 12 April 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  2. ↑ "Bustle". Bustle. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
  3. ↑ "Isis controls over 50% of Syria after taking Palmyra". Newsweek. 21 May 2015. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
  4. ↑ "As Caliphate Shrinks, ISIS Expected to Head for the Hills". Middle East Online. 12 January 2017. Retrieved 14 January 2017.
  5. ↑ Helfrich, Kim (7 January 2017). "Islamic State moves to Libya's desert valleys after Sirte defeat – defenceWeb".
  6. ↑ "Boko Haram War Not Yet Over". Leadership. 24 February 2017. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  7. ↑ "The regime forces impose their control over about 100 thousand square km of the area of the Syrian territory and the last fighting against the "Islamic State" organization rages8 in Deir Ezzor". SOHR. 12 November 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  8. ↑ Tomlinson, Lucas; Griffin, Jennifer. "What comes after Raqqa for ISIS?". Fox News.
  9. ↑ Usher, Sebastian. "Iraq declares war with Islamic State is over". BBC News.
  10. ↑ "Caliphate defeated but IS remains a threat". BBC News.
  11. ↑ Nadimi, Farzim (10 September 2014). "Iran Is Expanding Its Military Role in Iraq in a Bunch of Ways". Business Insider. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  12. ↑ Andrew, Walks. "Turkey says it will join with neighbors to fight the Islamic State group in Syria". The Associated Press. Retrieved 2025-02-02.
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  14. ↑ "Islamic State claims Hadera attack; minister: the two terrorists were linked to IS". The Times of Israel. 28 March 2022.
  15. ↑ "Explainer: Amidst Gaza war, IS still loathes Hamas". BBC Monitoring – Essential Media Insight. Retrieved 2025-07-16.
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  17. ↑ Akbarzai, Sahar; Ehsan, Popalzai; Kottasová, Ivana (3 July 2022). "Taliban labels Islamic State affiliate a 'false sect'". CNN. Retrieved 4 July 2022. The Taliban has declared the Islamic State affiliate ISIS-K a corrupt "sect" and forbidden Afghans from contact with it.
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  111. ↑ http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=120851
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  113. ↑ "Russian Military in Syria".
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  115. ↑ Likmeta, Besar (27 August 2014). "Albania Starts Shifting Weapons to Iraqi Kurds". Balkan Insight.
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  117. ↑ "До 2020 година 1.8 млрд. лв. ще бъдат вложени в армията" [1.8 bln. lv will be invested in the military by 2020] (in Bulgarian). BG: Dir. 20 September 2014. Retrieved 20 September 2014. Shalamanov does not consider the conflict in Ukraine to be the only short-term threat for Bulgarian national security, which is why our country is sending armaments to the opponents of Islamic State... According to him, the events in northern Iraq and Syria represent a growing risk that threatens our national interests.
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  120. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Payne, Sebastian (22 September 2014). "What the 60-plus members of the anti-Islamic State coalition are doing". Washington Post. US.
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  122. ↑ "L'Italia pronta a bombardare Isis in Iraq. La Difesa: ipotesi da valutare". Corriere della Sera. 6 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
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  126. 1 2 Nissenbaum, Dion (14 August 2014). "US Military Shifts to Helping Kurds Fight Back". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  127. ↑ Weaver, Matthew (14 August 2014). "Iraq crisis: EU backs plans by member states to arm Kurd fighters". The Guardian. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  128. ↑ Rousek, Leos (14 August 2014). "Slovakia Launches Aid for Displaced Civilians in Northern Iraq". The Wall Street Journal (blog). Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  129. ↑ "Joint Statement Issued by Partners at the Counter-ISIL Coalition Ministerial Meeting". U.S. Department of State. 3 December 2014. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
  130. ↑ "Sweden rejects calls for military support to Iraq". The Local. SE. 18 August 2014. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  131. ↑ "Confirmed: Israel Providing Intel Against ISIS". Arutz Sheva.
  132. ↑ "Россия отправила в Ирак 40 тонн гуманитарной помощи". Рамблер-Новости. Retrieved 31 March 2015.
  133. ↑ "Tehran's Boots on the Ground". Foreign Policy. 9 September 2014. Archived from the original on 11 September 2014. Retrieved 11 September 2014.
  134. ↑ Blanford, Nicholas (16 July 2014). "Why Hezbollah is playing a smaller role in this Iraqi conflict". Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
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  136. ↑ Schmitt, Eric; Rubin, Alissa J. (12 July 2014). "US and Iraqis Try to Fragment Extremist Group". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 July 2014.
  137. 1 2 "News Archive". U.S. Department of War. Retrieved 2026-02-07.
  138. ↑ Defensie, Ministerie van. "Dutch military contribution in Iraq". www.defensie.nl. Retrieved 2026-02-07.
  139. ↑ "Obama names Brett McGurk as envoy to coalition fighting Islamic State". Reuters. Retrieved 2026-02-07.
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