Lists of state leaders by age

Since 1800, the youngest serving state leader has been 0-day-old Alfonso XIII, King of Spain[1] (left), while the oldest has been 96-year-old Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms (right).

This article contains various lists of state leaders organized by age, defined as heads of state and/or heads of government.

Oldest serving state leaders

Top ten currently serving

Paul Biya, currently the oldest serving state leader

People currently serving as head of state and/or head of government, a party leader of a one-party state, or a representative of a head of state.

Rank Name State Position Assumed office Born Age
1Paul Biya CameroonPresident1982[2]13 February 193393 years, 136 days
2Mahmoud Abbas Palestine2005[3]15 November 193590 years, 226 days
3Salman bin Abdulaziz al Saud  Saudi ArabiaKing2015[4]31 December 193590 years, 180 days
4 Harald V NorwayKing[5]199121 February 193789 years, 128 days
5Jean-Lucien Savi de Tové TogoPresident20257 May 193987 years, 53 days
6Peter Mutharika MalawiPresident2025[6]18 July 194085 years, 346 days
7Mishal I  KuwaitEmir202327 September 194085 years, 275 days
8Sergio Mattarella ItalyPresident201523 July 194184 years, 341 days
9Alassane Ouattara Ivory CoastPresident2010[7]1 January 194284 years, 179 days
10Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo Equatorial GuineaPresident1982[8]5 June 194284 years, 24 days

Top ten of all time

Giovanni Paolo Lascaris, the oldest serving state leader of all time whose age is fully verifiable
  Currently in office
  Currently living
Rank Name State Position Last year in office
(reason term ended)		 Age at end
1Giovanni Paolo Lascaris Malta1657 (death)97 years, 47 days
2 Elizabeth II United KingdomQueen and other Commonwealth realms[9]2022 (death)96 years, 140 days
3Prem Tinsulanonda ThailandRegent2016 (tenure ended)96 years, 97 days
4 George Tupou I TongaKing1893 (death)95 years, 76 days
5 Mahathir Mohamad MalaysiaPrime Minister2020 (resigned)94 years, 235 days
6Nicolò da Ponte VeniceDoge of Venice1585 (death)94 years, 196 days
7 Malietoa Tanumafili II SamoaO le Ao o le Malo2007 (death)94 years, 127 days
8Robert Mugabe ZimbabwePresident2017 (resigned)93 years, 279 days
9Paul Biya CameroonPresidentIncumbent93 years, 136 days
10Beji Caid Essebsi TunisiaPresident2019 (death)92 years, 238 days

Youngest serving state leaders

Top ten currently serving

Kristrún Frostadóttir, the youngest serving state leader
Rank Name State Position Assumed office Born Age
1Kristrún Frostadóttir IcelandPrime Minister202412 May 198838 years, 48 days
2Ibrahim Traoré Burkina Faso
202214 March 198838 years, 107 days
3Daniel Noboa EcuadorPresident202330 November 198738 years, 211 days
4Milojko Spajić MontenegroPrime Minister202324 September 198738 years, 278 days
5Jakov Milatović MontenegroPresident20237 December 198639 years, 204 days
6Rob Jetten NetherlandsPrime Minister202625 March 198739 years, 96 days
7Gabriel Boric ChilePresident202211 February 198640 years, 138 days
8Yulia Svyrydenko UkrainePrime Minister202525 December 198540 years, 186 days
9 Mohammed bin Salman Saudi ArabiaPrime Minister202231 August 198540 years, 302 days
10Mahamat Déby ChadPresident[10]20244 April 198442 years, 86 days

Top ten since 1800

  Currently living
Rank Name State Position Assumed office Age when assuming office
1 Alfonso XIII SpainKing18860 days[1]
2 Sobhuza II SwazilandKing1899141 days
3Fuad II  EgyptKing1952192 days
4 Puyi ChinaEmperor19082 years, 299 days
5Rajendra    NepalKing18162 years, 353 days
6 Isabella II SpainQueen18332 years, 354 days
7Gyanendra    NepalKing1950[11]3 years, 123 days
8Guangxu  ChinaEmperor18753 years, 195 days
9Faisal II  IraqKing19393 years, 337 days
10Pedro II  BrazilEmperor18315 years, 126 days

Oldest state leaders

The following lists show the oldest people who have served office as state leader (not limited to their age while in office).

Top ten living

Guillermo Rodríguez, the oldest-living state leader
Rank Name State Position Born Age
1Guillermo Rodríguez EcuadorActing President (1972–1976)4 Nov 1923102 years, 237 days
2 Mahathir Mohamad MalaysiaPrime Minister (1981–2003; 2018–2020)10 Jul 1925100 years, 354 days
3Mohammad Hasan Sharq AfghanistanChairman of the Council of Ministers (1988–1989)17 Jul 1925100 years, 347 days
4Abdoulaye Wade SenegalPresident (2000–2012)29 May 1926100 years, 31 days
5Valdas Adamkus LithuaniaPresident (1998–2003; 2004–2009)3 Nov 192699 years, 238 days
6Raif Dizdarević YugoslaviaPresident of the Presidency (1988–1989)9 Dec 192699 years, 202 days
7Arthur Foulkes BahamasGovernor-General (2010–2014)11 May 192898 years, 49 days
8Péter Boross HungaryPrime Minister (1993–1994)27 Aug 192897 years, 306 days
9 Zhu Rongji ChinaPremier of the State Council (1998–2003)23 Oct 192897 years, 249 days
10Édouard Balladur FrancePrime Minister (1993–1995)2 May 192997 years, 58 days

Top ten since 1800

Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum, the longest-lived state leader
  Currently living
Rank Name State Position Born Died Age
1Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum CambodiaActing Prime Minister (1962)19052009103 years, 143 days
2Celâl Bayar Turkey
18831986103 years, 98 days
3Antoine Pinay FrancePrime Minister (1952–1953)18911994102 years, 348 days
4André Prunet-Foch AndorraFrench Viguier (1977–1980)19142017102 years, 211 days
5Guillermo Rodríguez EcuadorActing President (1972–1976)1923Alive102 years, 237 days
6Prince Naruhiko Higashikuni JapanPrime Minister (1945)18871990102 years, 48 days
7Babiker Awadalla SudanPrime Minister (1969)19172019101 years, 321 days
8Willem Drees NetherlandsPrime Minister (1948–1958)18861988101 years, 314 days
9 Đỗ Mười Vietnam19172018101 years, 241 days
10 Zhang Qun ChinaPremier (1947–1948)18891990101 years, 219 days

Notes

  1. 1 2 Became a monarch at birth as his father, Alfonso XII, had died the previous year.
  2. ↑ Previously served as Prime Minister from 1975–1982.
  3. ↑ Previously served as Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority in 2003.
  4. ↑ Served concurrently as Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia from 2015–2022.
  5. ↑ The Kingdom of Norway includes the dependent territory of Svalbard.
  6. ↑ Previously served as President of Malawi from 2014–2020.
  7. ↑ Previously served as Prime Minister from 1990–1993.
  8. ↑ Previously served as Chairman of the Supreme Military Council of Equatorial Guinea from 1979–1982.
  9. ↑ In 1952, Princess Elizabeth acceded as the monarch of seven Commonwealth realms. At the time of her death, she reigned as Queen of 15 sovereign states including the United Kingdom. From 1957–1983, most of her British colonies attained independence, and some joined the other realms in different years; most states ceased to be a realm upon becoming republics.
  10. ↑ Previously President of the Transitional Military Council of Chad from 2021–2022, and Transitional President of Chad from 2022–2024.
  11. ↑ Gyanendra's first occupation of the throne was in 1950; he was deposed in the 1951 Nepalese revolution.
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