Italian Communist Party

Italian Communist Party

Partito Comunista Italiano
Italian Communist Party Partito Comunista Italiano
Abbreviation	PCI
Secretary	Amadeo Bordiga (first); Achille Occhetto (last);
President	Luigi Longo (first); Aldo Tortorella (last);
Founded	21 January 1921
Dissolved	3 February 1991
Split from	Italian Socialist Party
Succeeded by	Democratic Party of the Left; (official successor); Communist Refoundation Party; (splinter group);
Headquarters	Via delle Botteghe Oscure 4, Rome
Newspaper	l'Unità
Youth wing	Italian Communist Youth Federation
Membership (1947)	2,252,446
Ideology	Communism (Italian); Marxism-Leninism (until 1970s); Democratic socialism (since 1970s);
Political position	Left-wing
National affiliation	National Liberation Committee (1943–1947); Popular Democratic Front (1947–1948); PCI–PSIUP (1966–1973);
Regional affiliation	Progressive Socialist Organizations of the Mediterranean
International affiliation	Communist International (1921–1943); Cominform (1947–1956);
European Parliament group	Communist and Allies Group (1973–1989); European United Left (1989–1991);
Colours	Red
Anthem	Bandiera Rossa ("Red Flag")"
Party flag
	Political parties;

The Italian Communist Party (Italian: Partito Comunista Italiano, PCI) was a communist and democratic-socialist political party in Italy. It was created in Livorno as the Communist Party of Italy (Italian: Partito Comunista d'Italia, PCd'I) on 21 January 1921, when it seceded from the Italian Socialist Party (PSI),^[1] under the leadership of Amadeo Bordiga, Antonio Gramsci, and Nicola Bombacci.^[2]

The party became illegal by Italian fascism and worked in secret. It played a major role in the Italian resistance movement.^[3]

The party changed its name in 1943. The PCI became the second largest political party of Italy after World War II.^[4]

Notes

↑ The official change of the party's name to the Italian Communist Party was 15 May 1943 (15 May 1943).

References

↑ Cortesi, Luigi (1999). Le origini del PCI: studi e interventi sulla storia del comunismo in Italia. FrancoAngeli. p. 9. ISBN 978-8-8464-1300-0.
↑ Mack Smith, Denis (1994). Mussolini. London: Phoenix. p. 312. ISBN 978-1-8579-9240-3.
↑ "Partito comunista italiano". Treccani (in Italian). Retrieved 1 February 2023.
↑ Sassoon, Donald (2014). Togliatti e il partito di massa (in Italian). Translated by Salvatorelli, Franco; Zippel, Nicola (E-book ed.). Castelvecchi. ISBN 978-8-8682-6482-6.

[1] The official change of the party's name to the Italian Communist Party was 15 May 1943 (15 May 1943).

[2] Cortesi, Luigi (1999). Le origini del PCI: studi e interventi sulla storia del comunismo in Italia. FrancoAngeli. p. 9. ISBN 978-8-8464-1300-0.

[3] Mack Smith, Denis (1994). Mussolini. London: Phoenix. p. 312. ISBN 978-1-8579-9240-3.

[Treccani-4] "Partito comunista italiano". Treccani (in Italian). Retrieved 1 February 2023.

[5] Sassoon, Donald (2014). Togliatti e il partito di massa (in Italian). Translated by Salvatorelli, Franco; Zippel, Nicola (E-book ed.). Castelvecchi. ISBN 978-8-8682-6482-6.

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