Cyclohexane

Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
Cyclohexane
3D structure of a cyclohexane molecule
3D structure of a cyclohexane molecule
Skeletal formula of cyclohexane in its chair conformation
Skeletal formula of cyclohexane in its chair conformation
Ball-and-stick model of cyclohexane in its chair conformation
Ball-and-stick model of cyclohexane in its chair conformation
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Cyclohexane[1]
Other names
Hexanaphthene (archaic)[2]
Identifiers
  • 110-82-7 checkY
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
DrugBank
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.461
KEGG
UNII
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
SMILES
  • C1CCCCC1
Properties
C6H12
Molar mass 84.16 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Sweet, gasoline-like
Density 0.7781 g/mL, liquid
Melting point 6.47 °C (43.65 °F; 279.62 K)
Boiling point 80.74 °C (177.33 °F; 353.89 K)
Immiscible
Solubility Soluble in ether, alcohol, acetone
Miscible with olive oil
Vapor pressure 78 mmHg (20 °C)[3]
-68.13·10−6 cm3/mol
1.42662
Viscosity 1.02 cP at 17 °C
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of
formation ΔfHo298		 -156 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of
combustion ΔcHo298		 -3920 kJ/mol
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasolineInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
1
3
0
Flash point −20 °C (−4 °F; 253 K)
Autoignition
temperature
 245 °C (473 °F; 518 K)
Explosive limits 1.3%-8%[3]
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)
 12705 mg/kg (rat, oral)
813 mg/kg (mouse, oral)[4]
LCLo (lowest published)
 17,142 ppm (mouse, 2 hr)
26,600 ppm (rabbit, 1 hr)[4]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3)[3]
REL (Recommended)
 TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3)[3]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 1300 ppm[3]
Related compounds
Related cycloalkanes
 Cyclopentane
Cycloheptane
Related compounds
 Cyclohexene
Benzene
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Cyclohexane is the cycloalkane molecule with the formula C
6H
12, with 6 carbon atoms connected to each other in a ring shape, and each connected to two hydrogen atoms. It is used when making adipic acid and caprolactam, which can them be used to make nylon. It has no color and is flammable.

References

  1. ↑ "Front Matter". Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. pp. P001 – P004. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4.
  2. ↑ Hexanaphthene Archived 2018-02-12 at the Wayback Machine, dictionary.com
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0163". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  4. 1 2 "Cyclohexane". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
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