Surface-to-air missile

SA-2 Guideline surface-to-air missiles, one of the most widely used SAM systems in the world

A surface-to-air missile (SAM), also known as a ground-to-air missile (GTAM) or surface-to-air guided weapon (SAGW), is a type of missile that is launched from ground or from a ship to destroy aircraft or other missiles.[1] It is one type of Anti-aircraft warfare.

Surface-to-air rockets

Model Picture Info
Patriot rockets (or missiles)
Range: it can go up to 160 km. It shoots down ballistic rockets.[2]

Variant (or model) of MIM-104:

  • M902 Patriot PAC-3


Buk 9K37
  • 9K37M1;
    • "Buk-M1-2", the latest version (as of 2024's second quarter); At least one system was valued at $100 million;[3] In use by Russian forces.
  • FrankenSAM, surface-to-air missile system that uses three different missiles: Sea Sparrow, Sidewinder, and Patriot missiles and Patriot sensor elements; Those are launched from a 9K37 Buk missile launchers that has been modified by Ukraine.[4][5][6]
[7] In use by Ukrainian forces.
Pechora S-125
  • Pechora 2D
  • Newa SC

[8][9]

Osa 9K33
  • Osa-AKM
  • Osa-AKM-P1 "Żądło"
Kub 2K12
Stormer HVM Type: Very short range
Avenger
9K35 Strela-10
9K35M Strela-10M4
Tunguska
2K22 Tunguska
  • Variant: 2K22M
IRIS-T IRIS-T SLS[11]
MIM-23 Hawk MIM-23 Hawk Phase I
MIM-23 Hawk Phase III
IRIS-T IRIS-T SLM
NASAMS
Aspide Aspide 2000
Skyguard
Spada
Aster SAMP/T; medium and long range[12]
S-200 Long range[13] some were used again (as late as 2024's second quarter) during the Russian invasion of Ukraine.[14][15][16] The Kyiv Post said, that maybe the rockets "have been upgraded", as of 2024.[17]
S-300 S-300V1
  • S-300P/PS/PT
  • S-300PMU[18]
S-125 Used by Ukraine during the Russian invasion of Ukraine[19]

References

  1. ↑ Wragg, David W. (1973). A Dictionary of Aviation (first ed.). Osprey. p. 254. ISBN 978-0-85045-163-4.
  2. ↑ https://www.politico.eu/article/give-us-the-damn-patriots-ukraine-needs-air-defenses-now-minister-says/. Retrieved 2024-04-05
  3. ↑ https://www.kyivpost.com/post/31649. Retrieved 2024-04-25
  4. ↑ In Ukraine, for the first time, the air defense system of the FrankenSAM — was used to bring down Shahed from a distance of 9 km, Lisa Brovko, babel.ua, 17 January 2024.
  5. ↑ Kaitlin Lewis (17 January 2024). "What Is FrankenSAM? Ukraine Reports First Successful Use of New Weapon". Newsweek.
  6. ↑ Ukraine says it deployed its 'FrankenSAM' air-defense systems made from stitching together US and Soviet weapons. Business Insider. 28 December 2023.
  7. ↑ IISS 2024, p. 213.
  8. ↑ "Armed Forces of Ukraine showcased the operation of Ukrainian S-125 air defense systems". Militarnyi. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  9. ↑ "The Kielbasa Connection: Polish Military Aid To Ukraine". Oryx. Retrieved 25 September 2025.
  10. ↑ Roblin, Sébastien (30 August 2023). "The Three Fingers of Death Have Arrived in Ukraine". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
  11. ↑ "Waffen und militärische Ausrüstung für die Ukraine". Die Bundesregierung. Retrieved 25 September 2025.
  12. ↑ "SAMP/T SAM has been deployed in Ukraine - Macron". Militarnyi. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
  13. ↑ "Україна остаточно відмовилася від ЗРК С-200 - Український мілітарний портал". 2014-07-16. Archived from the original on 16 July 2014. Retrieved 2023-10-05.
  14. ↑ https://www.kyivpost.com/post/31356. Retrieved 2024-04-19
  15. ↑ Axe, David (24 February 2024). "Big Fat Missiles To Take Down Big Fat Russian Planes. How Ukraine Brought Back Its Massive S-200s". Forbes. Retrieved 29 February 2024.
  16. ↑ https://www.nettavisen.no/norsk-debatt/ukraina-er-i-ferd-med-a-vinne-luftkrigen/o/5-95-1672552. Retrieved 1 March 2024
  17. ↑ https://www.kyivpost.com/analysis/31842. Retrieved 2024-05-01
  18. ↑ "SIPRI Arms Transfers Database". SIPRI. Retrieved 25 September 2025.
  19. ↑ https://www.kyivpost.com/post/35197. Retrieved 2024-07-02

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