Shoushan of Qing dynasty

Shoushan
Meifeng
Heilongjiang artillery led by Shoushan attack Russian ships
General of Qing dynasty
Reign	1894–1900
Predecessor	Fu Ming'a
Successor	Ruichang
Born	September 1860
Died	May 1900
Spouse	Borjigit
Issue	Qingen
House	Yaun dynasty
Father	Fu Ming'a

Shoushan (1860–1900), courtesy name Meifeng, was a Han Chinese of the Plain White Banner, born in Aihui, Heilongjiang. He was the son of General Fu Ming’a (Yuan Shifu) of Jilin and a seventh-generation descendant of Ming general Yuan Chonghuan. Shoushan served as general of Heilongjiang in the late Qing Dynasty. His family’s original surname was Yuan, later changed to "Yuan Jia" under Manchu influence, but after the Qing fell, his descendants returned to the surname Yuan.

Shoushan first fought in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894–1895, leading infantry at battles such as Caoheling, Sikeshu, and Fenghuangcheng, and was rewarded with promotions and honors. In 1900, during the Boxer Rebellion, he was appointed General of Heilongjiang and stationed in Qiqihar, where he resisted the Russian army.^[1] When Qiqihar was captured, he ordered his guards to kill him in his coffin, dying heroically.^[2] He and his wife were later buried in Duerbur Banner, Heilongjiang. In 1928, the Heilongjiang government built Shougong Temple in Qiqihar to honor him.^[3]

Shoushan’s wife was Borjigit, a descendant of Genghis Khan’s brother Jochi Khesar and daughter of the Duerbet Banner leader; they had two sons and a daughter, the eldest son being Qingen. His concubine, Wang Songyan, had a daughter, Shouyi, who became the fifth wife of Zhang Zuolin. His grandson, Ruichang, served as commander of the Northern Battalion and died in battle when the Russians captured Heihe.^[4]