Qara Yuluk Osman Beg

Qara Yuluk Osman Beg (about 1356–1435) was the first strong leader of the Aq Qoyunlu Turkomans.[1] He was born the son of Fakhr‑ud‑Din Qutlugh Beg and became known by the nickname Qara Yuluk, meaning “Black Leech,” in old chronicles.[2] He married a daughter of Alexios III of Trebizond, which gave him ties to the Byzantine world.[3] Osman united many Turkmen tribes and fought against the rival Qara Qoyunlu, making Diyarbakır his main base.[4] His rule lasted for decades and he expanded Aq Qoyunlu lands across eastern Anatolia and western Iran.[5] After his death in 1435, his family continued to build the dynasty, and later rulers like Uzun Hasan made it into one of the strongest powers of the region.[6]

References

  1. ↑ John E. Woods, The Aqquyunlu: Clan, Confederation, Empire (University of Utah Press, 1999)
  2. ↑ Faruk Sümer, Kara Koyunlular (Ankara, 1984)
  3. ↑ Clifford Edmund Bosworth, The New Islamic Dynasties (Edinburgh University Press, 1996)
  4. ↑ Beatrice Forbes Manz, Power, Politics and Religion in Timurid Iran (Cambridge University Press, 2007)
  5. ↑ John E. Woods, The Aqquyunlu: Clan, Confederation, Empire (University of Utah Press, 1999)
  6. ↑ Clifford Edmund Bosworth, The New Islamic Dynasties (Edinburgh University Press, 1996)
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