People's Party (Spain)
People's Party Partido Popular | |
|---|---|
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| Founded | 20 January 1989 |
| Ideology | |
| Political position | Centre-right[11][12] to right-wing[13] |
The People's Party[14] (Spanish: Partido Popular [paɾˈtiðo popuˈlaɾ] (ⓘ); known mostly by its acronym, PP [peˈpe]) is a conservative[1][2] and Christian-democratic[2][15] political party in Spain.
The People's Party was founded in 1989 from the People's Alliance (AP). This party was created as a more centre-right party instead of a far-right party.[2]
References
- 1 2 Ersson, Svante; Lane, Jan-Erik (1998). Politics and Society in Western Europe (4th ed.). SAGE. p. 108. ISBN 978-0-7619-5862-8. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
- 1 2 3 4 Hloušek, Vít; Kopeček, Lubomír (2010). Origin, Ideology and Transformation of Political Parties: East-Central and Western Europe Compared. Ashgate. p. 159. ISBN 978-0-7546-7840-3.
From its original emphasis on a 'united and Catholic Spain', in the 1980s and 1990s it gradually evolved under the leadership of José Maria Aznar into a pragmatically-oriented conservative formation, with Christian democratic and, even more strongly, economically liberal elements.
- ↑ Spain After the Indignados/15M Movement. Springer International Publishing. 2019. p. 2. ISBN 9783030194352.
- ↑ Clifford, Bob (2019). Rights as Weapons Instruments of Conflict, Tools of Power. Princeton University Press. p. 79. ISBN 9780691216881.
- ↑ De Vries, Catherine; Binzer Hobolt, Sara; Binzer Hobolt; Proksch, Sven-Oliver; B. Slapin, Jonathan (2021). Foundations of European Politics A Comparative Approach. Oxford University Press. p. 144. ISBN 9780198831303.
- ↑ Annesley, Claire; Beckwith, Karen; Franceschet, Susan (2019). Cabinets, Ministers, and Gender. Oxford University Press. p. 55. ISBN 9780190069018.
- ↑ Ignacio, Lago (2021). Handbook on Decentralization, Devolution and the State. Edward Elgar Publishing Limited. p. 186. ISBN 9781839103285.
- ↑ Mihr, Anja (2017). A Comparative Study of Germany, Spain and Turkey. Cambridge University Press. p. 307. ISBN 9781108423069.
- ↑ Ann Schmidt, Vivien (2020). Europe's Crisis of Legitimacy Governing by Rules and Ruling by Numbers in the Eurozone. Oxford University Press. p. 273. ISBN 9780198797050.
- ↑ [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
- ↑ "Batalla decisiva en el centroderecha". El País. 2021-03-14.
- ↑
- Jansen, Thomas; Van Hecke, Steven (2011). At Europe's Service: The Origins and Evolution of the European People's Party. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 53. ISBN 9783642194146.
The right-wing Conservative AP was now transformed into a party of the centre-right: it was renamed People's Party (Partido Popular, PP) in the spring of 1989.
- Newton, Michael T. (1997). Institutions of Modern Spain: A Political and Economic Guide. Cambridge University Press. p. 200. ISBN 9780521575089.
Since the 're-launch' of 1989, the party has established itself clearly as a party of the centre-right...
- Meyer Resende, Madalena (2014). Catholicism and Nationalism: Changing Nature of Party Politics. Routledge. p. xix. ISBN 9781317610618.
In 1989 the AP transformed into the Partido Popular (PP) – a coalition of center-right forces...
- Matuschek, Peter (2004). "Who Learns from Whom: The Failure of Spanish Christian Democracy and the Success of the Partido Popular". In Steven Van Hecke; Emmanuel Gerard (eds.). Christian Democratic Parties in Europe Since the End of the Cold War. Leuven University Press. p. 243. ISBN 9789058673770.
- Jansen, Thomas; Van Hecke, Steven (2011). At Europe's Service: The Origins and Evolution of the European People's Party. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 53. ISBN 9783642194146.
- ↑
- Ferreiro, Jesus; Serrano, Felipe (2001). Philip Arestis; Malcolm C. Sawyer (eds.). The economic policy of the Spanish Socialist governments: 1982–1996. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 155. ISBN 1843762838. Retrieved 2015-01-30.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - Encarnación, Omar G. (2008). Spanish Politics: Democracy After Dictatorship. Polity. pp. 61–64. ISBN 978-0745639925. Retrieved 2015-01-30.
- Íñigo-Mora, Isabel (2010). Cornelia Ilie (ed.). Rhetorical strategies in the British and Spanish parliaments. John Benjamins Publishing. p. 332. ISBN 978-9027206299. Retrieved 2015-01-30.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - DiGiacomo, Susan M. (2008). Sharon R. Roseman; Shawn S. Parkhurst (eds.). Re-presenting the Fascist Classroom: Education as a Space of Memory in Contemporary Spain. SUNY Press. p. 121. ISBN 978-0791479018. Retrieved 2015-01-30.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help)
- Ferreiro, Jesus; Serrano, Felipe (2001). Philip Arestis; Malcolm C. Sawyer (eds.). The economic policy of the Spanish Socialist governments: 1982–1996. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 155. ISBN 1843762838. Retrieved 2015-01-30.
- ↑ Ávila López, E. (2016) Modern Spain, p. 85 ISBN 978-1-61069-600-5
- ↑ Magone, José María (2003). The Politics of Southern Europe: Integration Into the European Union. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 145. ISBN 978-0-275-97787-0.