Nazi concentration camps in Norway

During World War II, Nazi Germany occupied Norway and built hundreds of concentration camps and some death camps there.

A project by Randi Bratteli and others suggested that there were 709 Nazi concentration camps in Norway.[1][2] Other estimates say there were "around 500"[3] camps.

Prison camps

At least c. 4 concentration camps, are thought of as death camps.[4][5]

Finnmark county

  • Karasjok had "camp 4 Karasjok" (in German: Lager 4 Karasjok and in Norwegian: Karasjok fangeleir[6]),[7][8] that received around 400[9] prisoners.
  • Høybuktmoen
  • Neiden had a camp for Russian[10] and other Soviet prisoners.
  • Leirpollen (Norwegian: Leirpollen fangeleir[11] (or Lerpollen -): The camp had 150 prisoners, and at least it had Soviet prisoners.[12]: 6  Also suspected members of the Persfjord groups partisans on the Varanger Peninsula, were held in the camp.[11] In 1943, 11 prisoners were killed, by being hit with one [or more] clubs.[11]
  • Storskog[11]
  • Tofte also known as Jarfjordbotn[11]
  • Kirkenes: The camp had Soviet prisoners, at least.[12]: 6 
  • Kjelmøy: The camp had 80 prisoners, and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 6 
  • Oksbåsen: The camp had 20 prisoners, and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 6 
  • Tårnet, Jarfjord: The camp had around 100 prisoners, and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 6 
  • Grense Jakobselv: The camp had 100 prisoners, and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 6 

There were prison camps for teachers (from Norway):

Troms county

  • Bardufoss
  • Krøkebærsletta
  • Kvænangen: The prison camp there, was made up of the two prison camps, Veidal and Badderen, that also was known as Veiskaret.[11])
  • Sydspissen
  • Skorpa fangeleir

Storfjord municipality

  • Gastein camp, had Russians [and other Soviet prisoners][13]
  • Mallnitz camp in Norddalen, had Russians [and other Soviet prisoners]; It is sometimes called a death camp.[14][15][13]

Nordland county

  • Beisfjord had "camp one Beisfjord" (in German: Lager I Beisfjord; in Norwegian: Beisfjord fangeleir)
  • Jernvann - on Bjørnfjell (a mountain) was a camp, that was ruled by "camp one Beisfjord".[8]
  • Elsfjord had "camp two Elsfjord" (in German: Lager 2 Elsfjord;[8] in Norwegian: Elsfjord fangeleir).
  • Setså: The camp had had 475 prisoners in May 1945,[16] and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 8 
  • Stamnes: The camp had had 549 prisoners in May 1945,[16] and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 8 
  • Botn prison camp (Norw: Botn fangeleir)[17] The camp had had Yugoslavian prisoners at first. The 466 prisoners in May 1945,[16] were from Soviet.[12]: 8 
  • Saltnes
  • Rognan had "camp three Rognan" (in German: Lager 3 Rognan;[8] in Norwegian: Elsfjord fangeleir). The camp had had Yugoslavian prisoners at first. The camp had had 256 prisoners in May 1945,[16] and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 8 
  • Bakken[18]
  • Sundby: The camp had had 500 prisoners in May 1945,[16] and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 8 
  • Brenne: The camp had had 118 prisoners in May 1945,[16] and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 8 
  • Pothus[16] (or Potshus): The camp had had 749 prisoners in May 1945,[16] and it had Yugoslavian prisoners - at least.[12]: 8  Its location was West of Saltdalselva, about 1 kilometer South of the bridge at Røkland".[19]
  • Russånes: The camp had had 291 prisoners in May 1945,[16] and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 8 
  • Langånes: The camp had had 800 prisoners in May 1945,[16] and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 8 
  • Berghulnes: The camp had had 915 prisoners in May 1945,[16] and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 8 
  • Rødelva [or Rotelva ]: The camp had had 550 prisoners in May 1945,[16] and it had Polish prisoners - at least.550 [20]
  • Kjemåga: The camp had had 915 prisoners in May 1945,[16] and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 8 
  • Lønsdalsbrua[16] in Lønsdalen (eller Lønsdal[12]: 8 ): The camp had had 268 prisoners in May 1945,[16] and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 8 
  • Krokelva: The camp had had 790 prisoners in May 1945,[16] and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 8 
  • Bjørnelv prison camp (Norw: Bjørnelv fangeleir)[18][21][22]
  • "polar circle prison camp" (German: Lager Polarcirkel): The camp had had 776 prisoners in May 1945;[16]
  • Bolna: The camp had had 539 prisoners in May 1945;[16]
  • Randalsvolden: The camp had had 523 prisoners in May 1945,[16] and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 8 
  • Andfjell: The camp had had 509 prisoners in May 1945;[16]
  • Nabbvollen[23] (or Nabbvolden): The camp had had 436 prisoners in May 1945;[16]
  • Hjertåsen (or Hjartåsen[23]): The prison camp had had 922 prisoners in May 1945;[16]
  • Dunderland (concentration camp) (Norw: Dunderland fangeleir), in Rana:[24] The prison camp had had 481 prisoners in May 1945;[16]
  • Skonseng: The prison camp had had 211 prisoners in May 1945;[16]
  • Eiteråsen: The prison camp had had 348 prisoners in May 1945;[16]
  • Mo i Rana: The prison camp had had 476 prisoners in May 1945;[16]
  • Hattfjelldal: The prison camp had had 158 prisoners in May 1945;[16]
  • Korgen. The prison camp was ruled by "prison camp 3 Rognan".[8]
  • Osen in Vefsn (a municipality)[25] var underlejren Knutlia.[8][12]: 12 
  • At Ylvingen[12]: 13  "the prisoners"[26] or foreign prisoners of war, worked at the coastal fortress.[27]
  • Saltdal:[28]
  • Kroken prison camp (Norw: Kroken fangeleir) in Sørfold (a municipality) : The camp had had 618 prisoners in May 1945,[16] and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 9 
  • Makkøyra at Elvkroken[29]
  • Kalvik at Leirfjorden (Helgeland)[30]
  • Mørsry at Mørsvikbotnet[30]
  • At Gullsmedvika near Mo i Rana[31]
  • Krokstrand[12]: 12 
  • Lund[12]: 13 
  • Narvik[12]: 13 
  • Nesna[12]: 13 
  • Andenes: The camp had had 30-50 prisoners,[16] and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 7 
  • Skrova [i nVågan (a municipality)]: The camp had had 200 prisoners,[16] and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 7 
  • South-east of Svolvær": The camp had had 10 prisoners,[16] and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 7 
  • At Vestvågøy:
    • Stamsund: The camp had had 60 prisoners,[16] and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 7  . The location was at Hermannsvika in Stamsund.[12]: 7 [32]
    • Buksnes, at "Sund near Gravdal":[32] The prison camp had had 140 prisoners, and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 7 
    • Borge (Nordland): The prison camp had had 140 prisoners, and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 7 
    • Leknes on Vestvågøy[12]: 7 
    • Ballstad on Vestvågøy[12]: 7 
  • Skjelfjord [in Flakstad municipality] had 500 Soviet prisoners.[12]: 7 
  • Kalvik: The prison camp had had 339 prisoners, and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 7 
  • Elvegårdsmoen [in Narvik (a municipality)][12]: 7 
  • Lenvik [in Evenes municipality[12]: 7 
  • Bjerkvik [in Narvik municipality]: The prison camp had had 400 prisoners, and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 7 
  • Bogen i Ofoten: The prison camp had had 300-500 prisoners, and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 7 
  • Storvollen: The prison camp had had 422 prisoners.[12]: 7 
  • Bjarkåsen: The prison camp had had 918 prisoners, and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 7 
  • The graveyard in Narvik: The prison camp had had 500-1200 prisoners, and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 7 
  • The hospital in Narvik: The prison camp had had 120 prisoners, and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 8 
  • Framnæsodden i Narvik: The prison camp had had 80-100 prisoners, and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 7 
  • Dronningsgate: The prison camp had had 65 prisoners, and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 8 
  • Kongensgate i Narvik: The prison camp had had 40 prisoners, and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 8 
  • Nes, Nes fort i Lødingen kommune: The prison camp had had 130-140 prisoners, and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 8 
  • Bø[33] på i Engeløya i Steigen kommune: The prison camp had had 1600 prisoners, and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 8 
  • Mørsvikbotn
  • Kobbvatnet[12]: 8  [in Sørfold (a municipality)]
  • Bonåsjøen[12]: 8  i Sørfold (a municipality)
  • Kvarv[12]: 8  i Sørfold (a municipality)
  • Helland[12]: 8  (North of Fauske)
  • Fauske:
    • Teglværket:[12]: 8  The prison camp had had 200-400 prisoners.[12]: 8 
    • There were more prison camps in Fauske.[12]: 8 
  • Brennhei[34] i Krokstrand: The prison camp had had 100 prisoners, and it had Soviet prisoners - at least.[12]: 8 

At least 28 prison camps had locations between Mo i Rana and Fauske (and 25 of these were for Soviet prisoners-of-war).[35]

County of Trøndelag

  • In Levanger - Falstad prison camp near[36] the SS camp Falstad.
    • Moan leir in Levanger hadde Soviet prisoners.[37]
  • In Oppdal: Stalag 308, had forced laborers working on the Nordland Line.[38]
  • In Orkdal: Fannrem-leiren. The prisoners were sent to work on the Orkdal Line.[11] (Denne lejren var en utekommando[11]—underlejr til Grini1Grini fangelejr.)
  • In Trondheim: Vollan fengsel
  • Austråt[12]: 12 
  • Bjugn[12]: 12 
  • Ørlandet[12]: 12 
  • Fosenhalvøya[12]: 12 

County of Hordaland

County of Vestfold

  • Berg interneringsleir
  • On Bolærne: There was a death camp for Russians and others from the Soviet Union on Midtre Bolærne.[39]

County of Akershus

Literature

References

  1. ↑ Rapporter fra Norge under okkupasjonen. Oversikt over antall sider i rapportene
  2. ↑ "De sovjetiske, polske og jugoslaviske (serbiske) krigsfanger i tysk fangenskap i Norge 1941-1945. Oversikt over 709 krigsfange- og arbeidsleirer for utenlandske krigsfanger. Fordelt på 19 fylker". Utgivet af projektet "Norge under okkupasjonen"
  3. ↑ "Painful Heritage › Falstadsenteret". Archived from the original on 2017-03-01. Retrieved 2017-07-11.
  4. ↑ https://www.nrk.no/kultur/xl/nazi-dodsleiren-pa-bolaerne-og-de-glemte-gravene-1.14844914. Retrieved 2024-09-27
  5. ↑ https://www.nettavisen.no/utryddelsesleir/dodsleir/mallnitz-leiren/slik-var-dodsleiren-i-norge/s/12-95-3377272. Retrieved 2024-09-27
  6. ↑ VG Logo
  7. ↑ https://www.sagat.no/nyheter/ondskap-satt-i-system/19.43987. Retrieved 2024-04-25
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Asbjørn Svarstad; Line Brustad (8 November 2013). "Massakrer i Nord-Norge - utført av norske hirdmenn" [Massacres in North Norway - performed by Norwegian members of Hirden]. Dagbladet. p. 19.
  9. ↑ Følelsesladet møte med Karasjok
  10. ↑ Sergej ble «skutt under flukt» i Finnmark [Sergej was "shot during escape" in Finnmark]
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 11 Eitinger-rapporten - del 1
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 Bache, Andrew. [rapporten] "De sovjetiske, polske og jugoslaviske (serbiske) krigsfanger i tysk fangenskap i Norge 1941-1945. Oversikt over 709 krigsfange- og arbeidsleirer for utenlandske krigsfanger. Fordelt på 19 fylker" fra bogen Norge under okkupasjonen : 25 rapporter med kartlegging og registrering av spørreundersøkelser og dokumentasjon . Utgivet af projektet "Norge under okkupasjonen"
  13. 1 2 Samiske kulturminner langs 420 kV-ledning Balsfjord – Hammerfest. Sametinget. S. 30 Vitja 8. juli 2020
  14. ↑ https://www.nettavisen.no/utryddelsesleir/dodsleir/mallnitz-leiren/slik-var-dodsleiren-i-norge/s/12-95-3377272. Retrieved 2024-09-27
  15. ↑ Bare 35 av 272 krigsfanger overlevde dødsleiren. NRK. Vitja 9. juli 2020
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Utsultede fanger ble drevet til slavearbeid. NSB tiet om alt etter krigen
  17. ↑ Dette er Nord-Norges ukjente bødler
  18. 1 2 Fangeleirene i Saltdal Archived 2017-02-06 at the Wayback Machine. Hentet 26. juni 2017
  19. ↑ "Slaveanlegget i Nordland 1940-1945. Fangeleirer og russiske gravsteder. Vandalisering av russiske minnestøtter". Archived from the original on 2018-04-21. Retrieved 2017-07-11.
  20. ↑ POLSK FANGELEIR. - Nordlandsmuseet / DigitaltMuseum
  21. ↑ Grenseløs interesse for skjelettfunnet
  22. ↑ Halvor Hegtun (2015-02-27). NSB said yes to. Aftenposten A-magasinet. p. 27.
  23. 1 2 Jan H. Steen. "Hvem bygde banen i nord?" [Who built the railway of the North?] (19 July 2017) Klassekampen. p. 21
  24. ↑ Flytter E6 600 meter for å berge krigsfangeleir
  25. ↑ Dette er Nord-Norges ukjente bødler - Se oversikt over Hirden-medlemmene fra nord som ble dømt i landssvikoppgjøret.
  26. ↑ Etterlyser folk som husker krigens dager
  27. ↑ Guri Kulås (2015-03-03). "Ny dokumentar om sovjetisk krigsfange blir vist under filmfestivalen Kosmorama i Trondheim: Han berga seg med song - Konsentrasjonsleir, tvangsarbeid og venskap med den seinare spionen Gunvor Galtung Haavik er berre nokre av opplevingane Igor Trapitsin omskapte til song". Klassekampen. pp. 28–9.
  28. ↑ Guri Kulås (2015-03-03). "Ny dokumentar om sovjetisk krigsfange blir vist under filmfestivalen Kosmorama i Trondheim: Han berga seg med song - Konsentrasjonsleir, tvangsarbeid og venskap med den seinare spionen Gunvor Galtung Haavik er berre nokre av opplevingane Igor Trapitsin omskapte til song". Klassekampen. p. 28.
  29. ↑ "7.Elvkroken". Archived from the original on 2016-08-09. Retrieved 2017-07-11.
  30. 1 2 "7.Elvkroken", polarbanen.no, archived from the original on 2016-08-09, retrieved 2018-11-20
  31. ↑ Å lære seg norsk var for en serberfange ensbetydende med å bli henrettet. Hvordan greide så Cveja dette?
  32. 1 2 – Hvem var Fjodor?
  33. ↑ "Mange gode resultater fra krigsminneprosjekter - Riksantikvaren". Archived from the original on 2018-12-18. Retrieved 2017-07-11.
  34. ↑ Rana Blad - Opplevde fangeleirene på nært hold
  35. ↑ Halvor Hegtun (2015-02-27). NSB sa ja til slavedrift - Disse russerfangene ble tvunget til å bygge Nordlandsbanen. Så skulle de glemmes. Aftenposten A-magasinet.
  36. ↑ «Takk til det norske folk» - Med utstillingen «Takk til det norske folk» fortelles historien om krigsfangene fra Jugoslavia, og om den norske lokalbefolkningens hjelp og vennskap.
  37. ↑ "8. mars 1947" (6. mars 2017) Vi Menn. s. 5
  38. ↑ Halkvor Hegtun (2015-02-27). NSB said yes to. Aftenposten A-magasinet. p. 32.
  39. ↑ Bay, Eirik Gripp (2014). "The Front-sisters: A new take on Norwegian women in the German Red Cross of WWII" (PDF). University of Oslo. p. 88. Retrieved 2015-03-16.
  40. ↑ Joachim Grøgaar. Tre år under Kunze ["three years under Kunze"]. (1945) Publisher: Aschehoug (in Oslo, Norway)
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