GISAID

GISAID Initiative
AbbreviationGISAID
FormationMay 2008 (May 2008)
TypeNonprofit organization
Public–private partnership
PurposeGlobal health, research, education
HeadquartersMunich, Germany
Area served
Worldwide
MethodDonations and grants
Key people
  • Peter Bogner, (president)[1]
  • Ron A. M. Fouchier and John W. McCauley (co-chairs Scientific Advisory Council)[2]
Websitegisaid.org

GISAID is open-access to genetic data of influenza viruses,[3] and the coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic.[4][5]

On January 10, 2020, the first whole-genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 were made available on GISAID. This enabled global responses to the pandemic.[6] There was the first vaccines,[7] and diagnostic tests,[8] to detect SARS-CoV-2. GISAID helps watch for the emergence of new COVID-19 viral strains across the planet.[6][9]

Its establishment was an alternative to sharing avian influenza data by conventional public-domain archives.[10][3][11] GISAID has given rapid exchange of outbreak data[11] during the H1N1 pandemic[12][13] in 2009, the H7N9 epidemic[14][15] in 2013, and the COVID-19 pandemic[16][17] in 2020.

GISAID was recognized for its importance to world health by G20 health ministers in 2017,[18] and in 2020 the World Health Organization chief scientist called the data-science initiative "a game changer".[4]

References

  1. ↑ huaxia (November 1, 2019). "Chinese experts call for global cooperation in flu prevention". Xinhua News Agency. Archived from the original on July 9, 2020. Retrieved July 7, 2020.
  2. ↑ "Governance & Expertise: Scientific Advisory Council". GISAID. 2020. Retrieved July 7, 2020. The Scientific Advisory Council (SAC) comprises leading influenza scientists with expertise in epidemiology, human and veterinary virology and bioinformatics.
  3. 1 2 Shu, Yuelong; McCauley, John (2017). "GISAID: Global initiative on sharing all influenza data – from vision to reality". Eurosurveillance. 22 (13). doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.13.30494. PMC 5388101. PMID 28382917.
  4. 1 2 Swaminathan, Soumya (December 17, 2020). "The WHO's chief scientist on a year of loss and learning". Nature. Retrieved December 20, 2020.
  5. ↑ Korber, Bette (August 20, 2020). "Tracking Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: Evidence that D614G Increases Infectivity of the COVID-19 Virus". Cell. 182 (4): 812–827.e19. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.043. PMC 7332439. PMID 32697968. the global sampling of SARS-CoV-2 is being very capably addressed by the Global Initiative for Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) database
  6. 1 2 "CEPI's collaborative task force to assess COVID-19 vaccines on emerging viral strains". BioSpectrum - Asia Edition. November 23, 2020. Retrieved December 24, 2020. GISAID is an essential component of COVID-19 R&D that enables real-time progress in the understanding of the geographical spread, circulation, and evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 virus
  7. ↑ Polack, Fernando (December 10, 2020). "Safety and Efficacy of the mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine". New England Journal of Medicine. 383 (27): 2603–2615. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2034577. PMC 7745181. PMID 33301246. The development of BNT162b2 was initiated on January 10, 2020, when the SARS-CoV-2 genetic sequence was released by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and disseminated globally by the GISAID (Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data) initiative.
  8. ↑ Bohn, Mary Kathryn (October 7, 2020). "IFCC Interim Guidelines on Molecular Testing of SARS-CoV-2 Infection". Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine. 58 (12): 1993–2000. doi:10.1515/cclm-2020-1412. PMID 33027042.
  9. ↑ Jameel, Shahid (2 April 2020). "Coronavirus pandemic highlights key need for science and partnerships". The Telegraph (Kolkata). Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  10. ↑ McDowell, Robin (May 15, 2008). "Indonesia hands over bird flu data to new database". Fox News. Associated Press. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
  11. 1 2 Elbe, Stefan; Buckland-Merrett, Gemma (January 10, 2017). "Data, disease and diplomacy: GISAID's innovative contribution to global health". Global Challenges. 1 (1): 33–46. Bibcode:2017GloCh...1...33E. doi:10.1002/gch2.1018. PMC 6607375. PMID 31565258.
  12. ↑ Schnirring, Lisa (June 25, 2009). "Pandemic reveals strengths of new flu database". Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
  13. ↑ "Viral gene sequences to assist update diagnostics for swine influenza A(H1N1)" (PDF). World Health Organization. April 25, 2009. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
  14. ↑ "The fight against bird flu". Nature. 496 (7446): 397. April 24, 2013. doi:10.1038/496397a. PMID 23627002.
  15. ↑ Larson, Christina (April 10, 2013). "CDC Races to Create a Vaccine for China's Latest Bird Flu Strain". Bloomberg BusinessWeek. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
  16. ↑ Prasad, R. (January 19, 2020). "What is the source of the new SARS-like disease reported in China?". The Hindu. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
  17. ↑ Ng, Kang-chung (January 12, 2020). "Wuhan pneumonia: Hong Kong set to develop new test for mystery virus after obtaining genetic sequence from mainland China". South China Morning Post. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
  18. ↑ Health Ministers (20 May 2017). "Berlin Declaration of the G20 Health Ministers" (PDF). German Ministry of Health. Retrieved 18 July 2017.
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